Role of Mustard Oil in the Chhath Puja

Chhath Puja, a deeply revered festival celebrated primarily in Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and parts of Nepal, is an ode to the Sun God (Surya) and Chhathi Maiya, the goddess of life and vitality. The festival, marked by devotion and adherence to strict rituals, spans several days of fasting, offerings, and prayers. Among the essential elements of this festival is mustard oil, known for its robust flavour and symbolic purity. This blog explores mustard oil's significant role in the Chhath Puja celebration, from its place in rituals to culinary contributions.

Role of Mustard Oil in the Chhath Puja

Mustard Oil in Rituals

Chhath Puja is a unique celebration in which families use natural elements that hold cultural and spiritual significance to seek blessings for health, prosperity, and the well-being of future generations.

Mustard oil is integral to Chhath rituals, symbolizing purity and sanctity. During the puja, mustard oil is used to light diyas (oil lamps), creating an ambience of reverence and connection with the divine. The golden glow of these lamps, fueled by mustard oil, illuminates the offering space, fostering an atmosphere of peace and devotion. Mustard oil’s natural aroma complements the earthy setting, bridging the devotees' connection to nature while adding a sacred touch to the ritual.

The oil’s role in diyas goes beyond illumination—it symbolizes the light of hope, resilience, and unwavering faith. By lighting diyas with mustard oil, devotees honour the purity of nature, which aligns with Chhath’s core themes of simplicity and respect for the earth.

Traditional Cooking with Mustard Oil in Chhath Prasad

Mustard oil’s contribution to Chhath Puja extends to the preparation of prasad, the sacred food offered during the rituals.

1. Thekua - A sweet, crunchy snack made from wheat flour, jaggery, and ghee, sometimes fried in mustard oil for added flavour.

2. Lauki ki Sabzi - A simple and flavorful curry cooked with mustard oil and minimal spices, served as part of the prasad offerings.

3. Kaddu ki Sabzi  - Pumpkin cooked with mustard oil, turmeric, and spices, which is served with rice as a sacred offering during Chhath.

4. Pooriyan - The pooris for the prasad are fried in mustard oil.

The choice of mustard oil in cooking reflects the traditional culinary style of the regions where Chhath is celebrated. Known for its strong flavour and distinct aroma, mustard oil is a staple in many Indian kitchens, especially in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

The Symbolism of Mustard Oil

In Chhath Puja, mustard oil is not just an ingredient; it is a symbol of cultural heritage and devotion. Its use in rituals and cooking underscores the values of simplicity, strength, and resilience—qualities embodied by mustard oil’s raw, unrefined nature. Mustard oil is valued for its ability to purify, both in terms of health and spiritual significance, making it a fitting choice for a festival that celebrates life, nature, and community.

Moreover, mustard oil’s connection to health is well-aligned with Chhath’s focus on wellness and vitality. The oil is known to have numerous health benefits, including aiding digestion, boosting immunity, and promoting warmth—qualities beneficial for the fasting and early morning rituals of Chhath Puja. In this way, mustard oil serves not only a culinary purpose but also reinforces the festival’s deeper themes of health, harmony, and devotion.

Conclusion

Chhath Puja is a celebration rooted in nature, simplicity, and timeless traditions, with mustard oil playing an invaluable role throughout the rituals. From lighting diyas to preparing traditional foods, mustard oil enhances the festival's authenticity and connects each family with their cultural roots. As devotees gather each year to celebrate Chhath, mustard oil continues to be a symbol of purity and devotion, reminding us of the beauty in simplicity and the joy in honouring ancient traditions.